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Trapezoid – Definition, Types, Properties, Examples, FAQs
What is Trapezoid?
A trapezoid, also known as a trapezium, is a flat closed shape having 4 straight sides, with one pair of parallel sides.
The parallel sides of a trapezium are known as the bases, and its non-parallel sides are called legs. The parallel sides can be horizontal, vertical or slanting.
The perpendicular distance between the parallel sides is called the altitude.
Examples:
Non Examples:
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Trapezoid Definition
- Exclusive Definition: A trapezoid is a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides. (By this definition, a parallelogram is not a trapezoid since it has two pairs of parallel sides.)
- Inclusive Definition: A trapezoid is a quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides. (By this definition, a parallelogram becomes a special type of trapezoid, a trapezoid with two pairs of parallel sides.)
Types of Trapezoid
Trapezoid is of three types namely
1. Right trapezoid: It has a pair of right angles
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2. Isosceles trapezoid: It has equal length of non-parallel sides. In the image, sides, AD and BC are equal.
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3. Scalene trapezoid: It neither has equal angles nor has equal sides.
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Median of Trapezoid
A median of a trapezoid is the line segment joining the midpoints of the two non-parallel sides of a trapezoid.
The median of a trapezoid is parallel to the set of parallel lines.
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Properties of a Trapezoid
- The bases are parallel to each other.
- The median is parallel to both the bases and its length will be the average of the length of the bases.
- Sum of all the angles in a trapezoid is equal to 360°.
- The sum of the angles on the same side is equal to 180°.
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Perimeter of Trapezoid
The perimeter of a trapezoid is the sum of all its sides. Therefore, for the trapezoid shown above with sides AB, BC, CD and DA, the perimeter can be written as
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Real Life Examples:
We can find trapezoids in many real-life objects For example a lamp, popcorn box, handbag, and so on.
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Practice Problems On Trapezoid
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